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Independent Solar Reports

Resources

Solar guides for real estate professionals & homeowners

Independent, plain-English answers on solar warranties, installer bankruptcies, solar leases at closing, UCC liens, PACE assessments, and net-metering transfer rules. Updated continuously.

Real estate professional guides

Closings · UCC liens · PACE · permits · NEM
Reference

The solar glossary for home buyers, sellers, and agents

Every solar term that matters at a home sale — NEM, UCC-1, PACE, PPA, TPO, SREC, buyout, escalator, PTO — defined in plain English.

Reference · Updated July 2026
New — HOA guide

Solar and HOA problems at resale

Approval records, covenants, condo roof questions, and the solar access laws that limit what an HOA can demand — what to resolve before listing.

9 min read · Published July 7, 2026
New — Net metering

Net metering by state: what actually transfers to the buyer

A grandfathered rate can be worth thousands a year — and it doesn't always pass to the buyer. How transfer works and what to verify.

11 min read · Published July 8, 2026
New — SREC transfer

Who owns the SRECs when a solar home sells?

In SREC states, certificates can be worth thousands a year — and the contract, not the deed, decides who keeps them. What agents, buyers, and sellers must verify.

9 min read · Published July 3, 2026
New — Buyer & agent guide

How to read a solar contract before you buy the house

A clause-by-clause guide to escalators, buyouts, transfer terms, production guarantees, and liens — with a printable checklist.

11 min read · Published July 4, 2026
New — Industry trend guide

100 solar bankruptcies: what every agent must check before listing a solar home

Harvard Business School reports ~100 U.S. solar companies have filed bankruptcy since 2023. The five ways a failed solar company kills a deal, a pre-listing due-diligence checklist, red flags by financing type, and scripts for sellers and buyers.

11 min read · Published July 2, 2026
Complete guide — start here

Solar leases and real estate closings: the complete guide for agents and title officers

Every way solar can delay or kill a closing — solar lease transfers, UCC-1 liens, open permits, PACE assessments, NEM tariff risk — with a pre-transaction checklist. The foundation article for anyone handling solar properties.

15 min read · Published April 2026
New — Utah agent guide

“Owned” isn’t the same as “clear”: the solar caveat Utah agents miss

Owned solar adds value and leased doesn’t — but “owned” isn’t “lien-free.” The UCC-1 fixture liens, bankrupt-installer warranties, unfinaled permits, and downgraded NEM rates that can erase the value of an owned system — and what the UAR Solar Panel Addendum and Utah’s disclosure act don’t cover.

9 min read · Published June 17, 2026
New — Risk & liability guide

The solar problems that surface after closing — and the liability that follows the agent

The lien search is only half the risk. Roof removal-and-reinstall costs, insurance non-renewal, property-tax reassessment, financing fall-through, mechanics liens, and failed lease/account transfers — the post-closing gotchas that come back on the agent as an E&O claim, with primary-source citations.

13 min read · Published June 19, 2026
New — Appraisal & valuation guide

PV Value® and solar appraisal: where the Sandia income method helps — and where it falls short

A structural critique of the income-capitalization tool most appraisers use to value residential solar. Where it earns its place, the discount-rate sensitivity that swings five-figure outcomes, the post-bankruptcy blind spot, and how to pair it with comparable sales for a defensible number.

12 min read · Published May 19, 2026
Listing & buyer agent guide

Owned solar panels and home value: what agents, buyers, and sellers need to know

Owned, paid-off solar adds 3–4% to home value on average — but only if you know how to present it. Framing utility savings, handling appraisal gaps, getting documentation ready, and answering every buyer objection before it stalls your deal.

10 min read · Published April 25, 2026
Closing action guide

Solar is holding up your closing: what to do for each scenario

Solar lease stuck, open permit, bankrupt UCC holder, PACE lien, payoff shock — an action guide with specific next steps for every solar closing complication.

10 min read · Published April 19, 2026
Buyer's agent guide

How to find out if a home has a solar lease before making an offer

Five steps buyer's agents can take — UCC search, utility bill review, permit records, and visual clues — to identify solar lease obligations before going under contract.

8 min read · Published April 2026
Title officer guide

Solar UCC-1 liens: what title companies and escrow officers need to know

Where solar UCC-1 filings are made, who actually holds them, how to execute transfer or payoff, and what to do when the solar lease company is bankrupt.

10 min read · Published April 2026
Installer bankruptcy guide

What happens to a solar lease when the installer goes bankrupt

Over 200 solar companies have gone bankrupt or ceased operations since 2018. How to find the current UCC holder after bankruptcy, and resolution paths for closing.

9 min read · Published April 2026
California & Florida guide

PACE liens and real estate closings: what agents in California and Florida miss

PACE assessments travel with the property at sale and block conventional financing. How to find them in county tax records before they surface in title search.

9 min read · Published April 2026
Permit guide

Open solar permits at closing: how to find them before they kill your deal

Rushed 2018–2022 solar installations left thousands of permits open. How to check permit status early, and how to resolve open permits without blowing your closing timeline.

8 min read · Published April 2026
NEM & energy guide

NEM tariff transfer at resale: what the rate change means for buyers and sellers

NEM 3.0 in California reduced solar export credits by 75%. State-by-state transfer rules, the financial impact for buyers, and what agents are required to disclose.

11 min read · Published April 2026

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Homeowner guides

Warranties · installer bankruptcy · battery · net metering
Live tracker · updated weekly

Solar Installer Bankruptcy Tracker (2024–2026)

Every major residential installer bankruptcy in one place — Freedom Forever, Sunnova, Mosaic, SunPower, Titan — with what each filing means for your warranty, monitoring, and home sale. Start here, then open the company-specific guide below.

Reference resource · Updated June 2026
Reference · contact directory

Bankrupt solar installer contact directory: who to call now

Direct warranty, service, and successor-company contacts for the major failed residential installers, so you know exactly who to reach for your panels, inverter, battery, and loan or lease.

Reference resource
New — Industry trend guide

100 solar companies have gone bankrupt since 2023: what it means for your system

The Harvard finding, explained for owners: what changes for your panels, warranties, and financing (and what doesn’t), a 4-question exposure self-check, six things to do now, and how to protect your home’s value at resale.

12 min read · Published July 2, 2026
New — Buyer guide

10 red flags in a solar home you're about to buy

Hidden leases, UCC liens, open permits, bankrupt installers, non-transferring net metering — the ten checks that separate a solar asset from a liability.

10 min read · Published July 5, 2026
New — Owner & buyer

How old are these solar panels? Degradation, warranty & resale value

How to read a system's age, estimate remaining production and warranty, and understand what that means for value.

10 min read · Published July 6, 2026
New — Battery & resilience

Storm, outage & battery: what a solar home buyer inherits

Solar alone usually won't power a home in an outage. What backup, battery age, and storm resilience a buyer actually inherits — and what to check.

9 min read · Published July 9, 2026
Complete guide

Your solar installer went out of business — the complete owner's guide

A step-by-step framework that works for any installer. Identify your equipment, separate workmanship from manufacturer coverage, protect your net-metering rights, and keep your system producing for its full 25+ year life.

14 min read · Updated April 2026
New — Installer & financier guide

Sunnova filed for bankruptcy: what its ~500,000 customers need to verify now

Sunnova filed Chapter 11 in June 2025 and SunStrong now services many accounts. Why your contract still binds, why your equipment warranties are likely intact, the seven things to verify in writing, and what it means when you sell.

11 min read · Published June 17, 2026
New — Battery & value guide

Adding a battery to existing solar: does it actually pay off?

NEM 3.0 made exported solar worth a fraction of what you use yourself. The self-consumption math, what storage adds at resale, backup-power value, and the 2026 catch: the 30% federal battery credit ended December 31, 2025.

10 min read · Published June 17, 2026
Installer guide

ADT Solar wound down: what existing customers need to do

ADT exited the residential solar business. Here's how to handle monitoring, warranty claims, and post-install service when your installer is gone.

8 min read · Updated April 2026
Installer guide

SunPower Chapter 11 and the Complete Solaria transition: your warranty explained

Complete Solaria acquired SunPower's dealer network. Maxeon still stands behind the panels. Here's who holds what and how to file a claim.

10 min read · Updated April 2026
Installer guide

Titan Solar Power shut down: a warranty recovery guide

Titan installed systems across Arizona, California, Texas, and the Southwest. Here's how to trace your equipment and file warranty claims directly with manufacturers.

9 min read · Updated April 2026
New — Installer guide

Pink Energy (Power Home Solar) bankruptcy: your warranty guide

Pink Energy filed Chapter 7 liquidation in 2022 — the company is gone for good. Why the Generac SnapRS defect and its repair program matter, the FTC Holder Rule path for financed customers, and how to file equipment warranty claims directly.

11 min read · Published June 19, 2026
Installer guide

Freedom Forever filed Chapter 11: what customers need to know

How bankruptcy affects your workmanship warranty, why your equipment warranties are likely still intact, and the exact steps to get manufacturer service without your installer.

10 min read · Updated April 2026
Installer guide

TriSMART Solar closed: what Texas customers should do now

TriSMART Solar wound down in late 2025. What it means for your warranty, your monitoring, and a loan on a system that stopped working.

9 min read · Updated July 2026

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